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jiggysawdust
  • Rat-related info:
  • Miscellaneous info
  • History
  • Reading
  • Videos
  • Photo gallery
  • Links to other web pages
  • Contact

Rats: some useful web pages

General info


1.   https://www.nfrs.org/articles_care.html (leads to several useful general articles)


2.  http://www.ratbehavior.org/


3.  http://www.ratfanclub.org/   

  

Fancy rat societies


UK National Fancy Rat Society

www.nfrs.org


American Fancy Rat and Mouse Association

https://www.afrma.org/


Rat and Mouse Club of America

http://www.rmca.org/


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Fancy rats and varieties

  

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fancy_rat

  

https://www.nfrs.org/breeding_varieties.html


https://www.afrma.org/ratvar.htm


https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rat_variety


Hairless and sphinx rats

http://understandingpetfancyrats.com/rats-as-pets/rex-rat-curly-kinked-coats/hairless-rats-sphynx-rats


Dumbo rats

https://petcomments.com/dumbo-rat

http://www.ratbehavior.org/DumboRatMutation.htm


Japanese fancy rats

https://www.nature.com/articles/429015b


Article on 18th century Japanese guidebook on raising rats 

https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/1878/da666a09d8e01e1a14e831317d7785fdf69b.pdf

(Tiny URL:   www.tinyurl.com/yprhdj9x )


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Health and care


http://ratguide.com/

  

https://www.nfrs.org/articles_keeping_rats_as_pets.html


https://www.afrma.org/caresheet.htm


https://www.nfrs.org/articles_keeping_rats_as_pets.html


The rat as a species

https://www.britannica.com/animal/rat


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Origins of pet rats


https://www.independent.com/2009/12/04/ancient-origins-pet-rats/  

  

Pathways to domestication

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8214441/

  

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The Brown rat (rattus norvegicus)


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown_rat  


http://www.columbia.edu/itc/cerc/danoff-burg/invasion_bio/inv_spp_summ/Rattus_norvegicus.html


Scientific names for Brown rat r. norvegicus

https://mammals.indianbiodiversity.org/node/16904


http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2019/details/species/id/58d474ec035208b2194df25dde8f9259

  

The Black rat  (rattus rattus)


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_rat

https://www.thainationalparks.com/species/black-rat  


Scientific names for Black rat r. rattus


https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=180362#null


Black rat in Roman Britain

http://www.caithness.org/caithnessfieldclub/bulletins/1984/october/black_rats_home_in_britain.htm  (repr. From New Scientist no. 1422, 20thSept. 1984)

  

Black rat in Roman and medieval Europe

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284698354_The_black_rat_Rattus_rattus_in_Roman_and_Medieval_Europe_The_commercial_roads_and_the_spread_of_plague (PDF in French)


https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/evo-eco-lab/the-biogeography-of-rats-and-their-quest-for-global-domination/ (includes section on biogeography and history of black rats)


The rat temple in Deshnok, India (warning: contains Comic Sans)

  

http://members.madasafish.com/~cj_whitehound/Rats_Nest/Ship_Rats/Deshnok_text.htm


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Some biology


http://ratbehavior.org/RatBiologyMain.htm


On rat teeth

http://www.rmca.org/Articles/gnawing.htm

  

http://ratbehavior.org/Teeth.htm


Albinism and colour variation

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albinism


https://pethelpful.com/rodents/Rats-and-Their-Types-Colors-and-Patterns


Colour variation in wild rats

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3516487


Colour inheritance in black rats (1026 article)

https://www.genetics.org/content/genetics/11/5/456.full.pdf


Ability to move eyes independently (Max Planck research)


https://www.mpg.de/7269965/rats-overhead-binocular-field

https://indianapublicmedia.org/amomentofscience/double-vision-normal-rats.php


https://phys.org/news/2013-05-rats-eyes-eye-airspace.html


https://www.redorbit.com/news/science/1112858065/rats-unique-view-world-eyes-running-052813/

  

Rats and ultrasound


http://bclee.net/ratdet.html

  

Echolocation detected in lab rats:


https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_echolocation citing Riley DA, Rosenzweig MR (August 1957). "Echolocation in rats". Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology. 50 (4): 323–8. doi:10.1037/h0047398. PMID 13475510. 


Coprophagia/refection


http://ratguide.com/care/behavior/coprophagy.php


http://www.rmca.org/Articles/coprophagy.htm


Longevity and other stats for rattus rattus

http://genomics.senescence.info/species/entry.php?species=Rattus_rattus


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Laboratory rats


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory_rat


https://www.labome.com/method/Laboratory-Mice-and-Rats.html  


 https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/history-lab-rat-scientific-triumphs-ethical-quandaries-180971533/


http://theconversation.com/animals-in-research-rats-16634

  

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_testing_on_rodents


https://www.nature.com/articles/428464a?proof=true&draft=collection%3Fproof%3DtrueA7Q


https://elifesciences.org/articles/50651   (useful summary re species characteristics, etc.)


https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/history-lab-rat-scientific-triumphs-ethical-quandaries-180971533/


https://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/scientific-experiments/studies-rats-apply-humans.htm


https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123914484000034?via%3Dihub (summary of main lab rat strains)


https://theconversation.com/animals-in-research-rats-16634


Lab rats and mazes:

https://conductscience.com/maze/historical-mazes/


http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/the_mouse_trap/2011/11/rat_mazes_and_mouse_mazes_a_history_.html?via=gdpr-consent


"Knockout" rats


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knockout_rat


https://www.genetargeting.com/rats/what-is-a-knockout-rat/

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Altruism in rats


Forsaking chocolate to save companion: https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2015/05/rats-forsake-chocolate-save-drowning-companion


https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/will-you-rat-me-out/


http://www.bbc.co.uk/earth/story/20150514-rats-save-mates-from-drowning


https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1963-02725-001


https://news.st-andrews.ac.uk/archive/ill-scratch-yours-if-you-scratch-mine-how-rats-help-each-other-out


Empathetic rats free fellow trapped rats:

http://news.yahoo.com/empathic-rats-free-trapped-buddies-restraints-op-ed-214444747.html


Reciprocal altruism in rats

https://link.springer.com/article/10.3758/s13420-015-0201-2


Rats prefer helping friends over strangers

https://www.technologynetworks.com/neuroscience/news/empathy-study-shows-rats-prefer-helping-their-friends-over-strangers-350842


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Evolution and history 


http://ratbehavior.org/history.htm 


Earliest known mammal ancestors

https://www.livescience.com/60888-rat-creatures-were-earliest-eutherian-mammal-ancestors.html


Humans influencing rat evolution:

https://undark.org/2019/12/17/urban-rat-evolution/


Rat genome sequenced

https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn4840-rat-genome-reveals-supercharged-evolution/

  

Genomic analysis of norvegicus origins and migrations

https://academic.oup.com/mbe/article/35/1/149/4566215   (origin poss. S/E Asia rather than northern Asia)


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The rat in Chinese history and culture


http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-01/22/c_138727127.htm


Chinese zodiac symbolism

https://www.chinahighlights.com/travelguide/chinese-zodiac/rat-chinese-zodiac-sign-symbolism.htm


Chinese zodiac history

https://depts.washington.edu/triolive/quest/2007/TTQ07030/history.html


Chinese attitudes to rats

https://www.visiontimes.com/2016/05/30/have-a-pet-rat-find-out-what-the-ancient-chinese-thought-about-them.html


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Assorted  info (see also Misc)


Rats' cleanliness

https://pocketsizedpets.com/how-clean-are-pet-rats-do-they-carry-diseases/


Eating mussels,e.g. River Nene

https://www.cambridgenetwork.co.uk/news/rats-eat-mussels

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/1550660.stm

(Italian Journal of Zoology – predation of rats on molluscs)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/11250007409430096


Rats “smarter” than people

https://hbr.org/2015/01/rats-can-be-smarter-than-people


Rats “aren’t smarter than mice”

https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2014/10/rats-arent-smarter-than-mice-and-that-actually-matters/381430/


Duchess Eglington

https://electricscotland.com/history/women/scottish_women_chapter10.htm

  

Destruction of rats to protect other wildlife:

https://www.independent.co.uk/environment/nature/rare-birds-return-to-remote-south-georgia-island-after-successful-rat-eradication-programme-10345864.html


https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/may/28/seabirds-treble-on-lundy-after-island-is-declared-rat-free


https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305501484_The_ground-based_eradication_of_Norway_rats_Rattus_norvegicus_from_the_Isle_of_Canna_Inner_Hebrides_Scotland


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Parisians defend wild rats

https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/10/07/paris-commuters-targeted-adverts-claiming-rats-sensitive-individuals/


Car-driving rats experiment

https://news.richmond.edu/releases/article/-/16721/research-scientists-at-university-of-richmond-teach-rats-to-drive-results-may-inform-future-research-strategies-for-mental-health-treatments.html


https://www.newscientist.com/article/2220721-scientists-have-trained-rats-to-drive-tiny-cars-to-collect-food/


https://learningenglish.voanews.com/a/scientists-trained-rats-to-drive-cars-what-did-they-learn-/5147564.html


Rats' visual ability "superior to AI"

https://www.popsci.com/technology/rats-v-ai/

  

Laughing tickled rats

https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/11/watch-these-ticklish-rats-laugh-and-jump-joy


https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/ticklish-rats-get-giggles-when-theyre-good-mood-180961061/


http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2013/09/tickling-rats-for-science/?mbid=social11719524


Tickled rats are optimistic

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0051959


Playfulness in rats

“Freudensprung” (in rats playing hide-and-seek)

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/ticklish-rats-get-giggles-when-theyre-good-mood-180961061/


https://www.latimes.com/science/story/2019-09-12/rats-can-play-hide-and-seek

  

Fat rat saved from German manhole cover

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-47370291


BBC article Is it time to stop hating the rat?

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-42708127


NFRS member interviewed

http://www.dailyecho.co.uk/news/10635966.Why_I_love_rats/


Do rats have out-of-body or near-death experiences?

http://www.wired.co.uk/news/archive/2013-08/13/after-death-consciousness-rats


Cats to catch rats in China

http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2013-08/26/content_16919221.htm


The Hanoi rat hunt

https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/hanoi-rat-massacre-1902

https://freakonomics.com/media/vannrathunt.pdf  


Spread of roof rats in Portland: 

http://www.kgw.com/news/County-sees-rise-in-rare-roof-rats--225237442.html


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Rats helping people outside the laboratory


Hector the astronaut  (first rat in space)

http://www.china.org.cn/top10/2011-11/22/content_23976223_9.htm

(from https://www.toptenz.net/top-10-animals-astronauts-in-space.php)

  

Mine-clearing rats

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APOPO


https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2015/10/151006-giant-rats-landmines-cambodia-science-animals


https://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/african-giant-pouched-rat


Detecting tuberculosis

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/321458.php#1


Sniffer rats

http://www.dutchnews.nl/news/archives/2013/09/dutch_police_poised_to_use_sni.php


Fido’s story

https://www.independent.co.uk/news/fido-the-super-rat-saves-family-from-blaze-1156186.html

https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Hero+rat+saves+family+from+fire.-a060265122


Yentl the rat saves owner

https://www.upi.com/Archives/1984/03/18/Pet-rat-saves-owner-from-fire/6757448434000


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Black Death/Plague


Was B/Death (ebola-type) virus?

https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/health-news/black-death-was-caused-by-the-ebola-virus-9242867.html (23 Jan 2001)


https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg17223184-000-did-bubonic-plague-really-cause-the-black-death/ 24th Nov. 2001)


https://pmj.bmj.com/content/81/955/315 (May 2005, CJ Duncan, Uni. Liverpool)


https://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/viruses101/could_the_black_death_actually/ (Nov 8, 2013)

https://history.howstuffworks.com/historical-events/black-death5.htm (2017?)


BD “caused by humans not rats”

https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/black-death-what-cause-humans-rats-fleas-deaths-bubonic-plague-a8162006.html  (16 Jan 2018)


https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2018/01/rats-plague-black-death-humans-lice-health-science/


https://www.thesun.co.uk/tech/5351420/black-death-rats-blame-plague-spread/  (Jan 2018)


https://www.livescience.com/61444-black-death-cause-found-transmission.html  (Jn 2018)


Russian early BD evidence

https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/plague-black-death-skeletons-grave-russia-bubonic-discovery-genetics-a8389566.html  (June 2018)


Justinian Plague and Black Death related

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/1/140129-justinian-plague-black-death-bacteria-bubonic-pandemic/


“Rats, communication and plague” (incl. info on rat movements in R. Empire) Jnl of Interdisciplinary History XXXIV:1 (Summer 2003) 1-25:

https://www.jstor.org/stable/36567


Yersinia pestis vaccine work

https://www.livescience.com/56483-vaccines-plague-bacteria.html


Scarcity of black rats and BD

( David E. Davis The Journal of Interdisciplinary History

Vol. 16, No. 3 (Winter, 1986), pp. 455-470)

https://www.jstor.org/stable/204499?seq=1


Black Death genome mapping

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/phenomena/2011/10/12/scientists-sequence-the-full-black-death-genome-and-find-the-mother-of-all-plagues/


General info re plague (includes links to factsheets)

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/health-and-human-body/human-diseases/the-plague/


Plague in the USA

https://www.livescience.com/49088-plague-united-states.html

  

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